Muni's Play(२६) द्वात्रिंशन्महापुरुषलक्षणानि — The 32 Marks of a Great Man
Sanskrit
तत्र कतमानि तथागतस्य द्वात्रिंशन्महापुरुषलक्षणानि ?
Translation
There, what are the thirty-two marks of a great man of the Tathāgata?
The List of Marks
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सुप्रतिष्ठितपादता — Well-placed (level) feet.
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अधस्तात् पादतलयोश्चक्राङ्कितपादतलता — Wheels (Dharma-chakras) marked on the soles of the feet.
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आयतपार्ष्णिसंगतपादता — Long, broad heels.
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दीर्घाङ्गुलिता — Long fingers and toes.
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जालहस्तपादता — Webbed hands and feet.
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मृदुतरुणहस्तपादता — Soft and tender hands and feet.
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सप्तोत्सदशरीरता — Seven protuberances (on hands, feet, shoulders, and neck).
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ऐणेयजङ्घता — Shanks like those of an antelope.
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कोशगतबस्तिगुह्यता — Genitals ensheathed (like a noble horse).
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सिंहपूर्वार्धकायता — Upper body like a lion.
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चितान्तरांसता — Broad, fleshy shoulders.
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सुसंवृतस्कन्धता — Well-rounded shoulders.
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अनुन्नामता — Upright and straight posture.
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प्रलम्बबाहुता — Long arms reaching to the knees.
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विशुद्धनेत्रता — Pure, clear eyes.
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कम्बुग्रीवता — Neck like a conch shell.
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सिंहहनुता — Jaw like a lion.
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समचत्वारिंशद्दन्तता — Forty teeth.
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समाविरलदन्तता — Even teeth without gaps.
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सुशुक्लदन्तता — Very white teeth.
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प्रभूततनुजिह्वता — A large, long tongue.
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रसरसाग्रता — Supreme sense of taste.
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ब्रह्मस्वरकलविङ्करुतस्वरता — A Brahma-like voice, sounding like the Kalavinka bird.
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अभीनीलनेत्रता — Deep blue eyes.
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गोपक्ष्मनेत्रता — Eyelashes like a cow.
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सूक्ष्मच्छविता — Subtle, delicate skin.
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सुवर्णवर्णच्छविता — Golden-colored skin.
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एकैकरोमकूपता — One hair per pore.
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उत्तुङ्गप्रदक्षिणावर्तरोमता — Body hairs that point upward and curl to the right.
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इन्द्रनीलकेशता — Sapphire-blue hair.
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सुशुक्लभ्रमुखान्तरोर्णललाटता — A pure white tuft of hair (Urna) between the eyebrows.
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उष्णीषशिरस्कता — A crown protuberance (Ushnisha) on the head.
Sanskrit
न्यग्रोधपरिमण्डलसमन्तप्रासादिकता। महानारायणबलसमन्तप्रासादिकता।
Translation
Proportionate like a Banyan tree and possessing the strength of Great Narayana.
Sanskrit
तथागतस्येदं महापुरुषस्य महापुरुषलक्षणम्। इमानि भिक्षवस्तथागतस्य महापुरुषलक्षणानि॥
Translation
This is the Great Man mark of the Tathāgata. These, O monks, are the marks of a Great Man.
The Karmic Origins of the Marks
Sanskrit
सुप्रतिष्ठितौ पादौ… पूर्वं दृढसमादानतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Level feet: Accomplished previously by firm undertaking of vows.
Sanskrit
अधस्तात्पादतलयोश्चक्राङ्कितपादतलता… पूर्वे परसत्त्वाजिह्मकरणतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Wheels on soles: Accomplished previously by not deceiving other beings.
Sanskrit
आयतपादपार्ष्णिसंगतपादता… पूर्वे मातापितरौ सत्कृत्य चरणे शुश्रूषतयाभिनिर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Broad heels: Accomplished previously by respecting parents and serving at their feet.
Sanskrit
दीर्घाङ्गुलिकता… पूर्वे धर्मारक्षावरणगुप्तिकरणया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Long fingers: Accomplished previously by protecting and guarding the Dharma.
Sanskrit
जालहस्तपादता… पूर्वे परिवाराभेदनतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Webbed hands/feet: Accomplished previously by not dividing his retinue (promoting unity).
Sanskrit
मृदुतरुणहस्तपादता… पूर्वे विविधप्रावरणान्नप्रदानतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Soft hands/feet: Accomplished previously by giving various clothes and food.
Sanskrit
सप्तोत्सदशरीरता… परकिंकरणीयसौमुख्यकरणतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Seven protuberances: Accomplished by being eager to perform service for others.
Sanskrit
विशुद्धनेत्रता… पूर्वे दशकुशलकर्मपथातप्तसमादानतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Pure eyes: Accomplished previously by the ardent undertaking of the ten wholesome paths.
Sanskrit
कम्बुग्रीवता… पूर्वे ग्लानेषु विविधभैषज्यान्नप्रदानतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Conch-like neck: Accomplished previously by giving medicines and food to the sick.
Sanskrit
सिंहहनुता… पूर्वे कुशलमूलप्रयोगतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Lion-like jaw: Accomplished previously by the application of the roots of virtue.
Sanskrit
समचत्वारिंशद्दन्तता… पूर्वे सत्त्वसमाश्वासनप्रयोगतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Forty teeth: Accomplished previously by the practice of comforting beings.
Sanskrit
अविरलदन्तता… पूर्वे भिन्नसत्त्वसंघानतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Teeth without gaps: Accomplished previously by reconciling beings who were divided.
Sanskrit
समदन्तता… पूर्वे मनापमणिप्रदानतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Even teeth: Accomplished previously by giving pleasing gems.
Sanskrit
सुशुक्लदन्तता… पूर्वे स्वारक्षितकायवाङ्मनस्कर्मतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Very white teeth: Accomplished previously by well-guarded bodily, verbal, and mental acts.
Sanskrit
प्रभूत(तनु)जिह्वता… पूर्वं सत्यभाषणतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Long tongue: Accomplished previously by always speaking the truth.
Sanskrit
रसरसाग्रता… अप्रमाणपुण्यस्कन्ध… निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Supreme taste: Accomplished by immeasurable heaps of merit and self-mastery.
Sanskrit
ब्रह्मकलविङ्करुतस्वरता… पूर्वे स्निग्धवचनसत्त्वानां… आनन्दवचनश्रवणतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Brahma-voice: Accomplished previously by gentle speech and listening to the joyful words of beings.
Sanskrit
अभिनीलनेत्रता… पूर्वे मैत्रवत्सत्त्वसंरक्षणतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Deep blue eyes: Accomplished previously by protecting beings with loving-kindness (Maitri).
Sanskrit
गोपक्ष्मनेत्रता… पूर्वे अ(प्र?)कृतिमातया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Eyelashes like a cow: Accomplished previously by his (natural/unaffected) nature.
Sanskrit
सूक्ष्मच्छविता… पूर्वे धर्मसंगीतिचित्तसंरक्षणकर्मण्यतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Delicate skin: Accomplished previously by mental fitness in protecting the chanting of Dharma.
Sanskrit
सुवर्णवर्णच्छविता… पूर्वे शय्यासनास्तरणमनापवचनप्रदानतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Golden skin: Accomplished previously by giving beds, seats, and pleasing words.
Sanskrit
एकैकरोमकूपता… पूर्वे संगणिकापरिवर्जनतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
One hair per pore: Accomplished previously by avoiding social distractions and crowds.
Sanskrit
प्रदक्षिणावर्तरोमता… पूर्वे आचार्योपाध्यायकल्याणमित्रअनुशासनिप्रदक्षिणग्राहितया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Right-curling hair: Accomplished previously by receiving the instructions of teachers and spiritual friends with reverence.
Sanskrit
इन्द्रनीलकेशता… पूर्वे सर्वप्राणानुकम्पनतया निहतलोष्टदण्डशस्त्रतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Sapphire-blue hair: Accomplished previously by compassion for all life and laying down clods, sticks, and weapons.
Sanskrit
सुशुक्लभ्रमुखान्तरोर्णललाटता… पूर्वे वर्णार्हानां वर्णभाषणतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
White hair-tuft (Urna): Accomplished previously by praising those worthy of praise.
Sanskrit
उष्णीषशिरस्कता… पूर्वे गुरुगौरवप्रणामतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Crown protuberance: Accomplished previously by bowing and showing gravity/respect to gurus.
Sanskrit
न्यग्रोधपरिमण्डल… पूर्वे आत्मनः परसत्त्वानां च समाधौ नियोजनतया निर्वृत्तम्।
Translation
Proportionate body: Accomplished previously by engaging himself and other beings in meditative concentration.
Sanskrit
शरीरसमन्तप्रासादिकता… पूर्वे तथागतबिम्बकरणतया भिन्नस्तूपप्रतिसंस्कारतया…
Translation
Graceful body: Accomplished by making images of the Buddha, repairing broken stupas, and comforting the fearful.
Sanskrit
अप्रमाणैः कुशलमूलैश्च तेषु धर्मेषु वशवर्तित्वात् तथागतस्य द्वात्रिंशन्महापुरुषलक्षणानि काये निर्वृत्तानि॥
Translation
Through immeasurable roots of virtue and mastery over those Dharmas, these 32 marks of a Great Man were accomplished on the body of the Tathāgata.