Muni's PlayNotes from reading this paper.
| Orientation | Perception of Action | Typical Behaviors & Traits | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Autonomy | Actions originate from the genuine self and personal volition. | Seeks out environments that support need satisfaction; values choice. | High intrinsic motivation, ego development, and healthy relationships. |
| Control | Actions are determined by external events (rewards, deadlines, or pressure). | Focuses on compliance or resistance; sensitive to social reinforcements. | External/introjected regulation, Type A personality, and self-handicapping. |
| Impersonal | Actions are beyond personal control; feeling of being “effectless.” | Avoids new challenges due to fear of incompetence or failure. | Social anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, and amotivation. |