Muni's PlayAusterity (Tapas) is categorized into three levels in the Bhagavad Gita (Gita Verse 17.14–Gita Verse 17.16), each corresponding to specific practices in the Yoga Sutras.
Physical Austerity (Śārīra Tapas)
Body austerity focuses on physical discipline and external relationships (Gita Verse 17.14).
| Gita Concept | Sanskrit | Yoga Sutra Correlation | Sutra Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Worship of elders/wise | Deva-dvija-guru-prājña-pūjanam | Asana (Steady Posture) | Patanjali Yoga Sutra 2.46 |
| Purity | Śaucham | Shaucha (5 Niyamas) | Patanjali Yoga Sutra 2.40, Patanjali Yoga Sutra 2.41 |
| Straightforwardness | Ārjavam | — | — |
| Continence | Brahmacharyam | Brahmacharya (5 Yamas) | Patanjali Yoga Sutra 2.38 |
| Non-injury | Ahinsā | Ahimsa (Yama) | Patanjali Yoga Sutra 2.35 |
Verbal Austerity (Vāṅmaya Tapas)
Austerity of speech focuses on refined communication and scriptural study (Gita Verse 17.15).
| Gita Concept | Sanskrit | Yoga Sutra Correlation | Sutra Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Non-distressing speech | Anudvega-karaṁ vākyaṁ | — | — |
| Truthfulness | Satyam | Satya (Yama) | Patanjali Yoga Sutra 2.36 |
| Pleasant & Beneficial | Priya-hitam | — | — |
| Scriptural Study | Svādhyāya | Svādhyāya (Niyama) | Patanjali Yoga Sutra 2.44 |
| Practice | Abhyasanam | Abhyasa | Abhyasa and Vairagya |
Mental Austerity (Mānasa Tapas)
Mental austerity focuses on the inner state and clarity of thought (Gita Verse 17.16).
| Gita Concept | Sanskrit | Yoga Sutra Correlation | Sutra Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Serenity of mind | Manaḥ-prasādaḥ | Santosha (Contentment) | Patanjali Yoga Sutra 2.42 |
| Gentleness | Saumyatvam | — | — |
| Silence | Mauna | — | — |
| Self-control | Ātma-vinigrahah | — | — |
| Purity of purpose | Bhāva-saṁśuddhiḥ | — | — |
See also: